Evaluation of Biological Effects of Nanosystems of Directed Transport in Experiments in Vivo and Their Application Possibilities in Anti-Tumor Therapy

The aim of the investigations was to evaluate benefits of the directed transport system—a nanocomposite, based on cisplatin and magnetite combined with local action of constant magnetic field on the tumor, in experiments in vivo in animals with transplantable Guerin carcinoma. Animals were divided into 5 groups according to the type of agent. We showed that nanocomposite in combination with static magnetic field exercises more prominent anti-tumor activity than cisplatin alone. It should be noted that regardless of the therapeutic agent, in Guerin carcinoma we observed cytotoxic effects of the same profile type. However, the degree of these changes’ manifestation depended on the type of applied factor. The most prominent manifestations of pathomorphosis in tumor tissue were observed under combined action of nanocompositte and static magnetic field. Comparative analysis of the results of using as anti-tumor drugs cisplatin; cisplatin in combination with tumor exposure to static magnetic field; nanocomposite, and combination of nanocomposite with static magnetic field, showed that the most pronounced cytotoxic effect in tumors was achieved with nanosystem of targeted transport. Comparison analysis of nanocomposite accumulation in tumors of animals received only nanocomposite with the results of its accumulation after magnetic field local tumor exposure showed that the static magnetic field results in greater NC inflow to the tumor. Nanocomposite administration resulted in changes of both total lipids and phospholipids compositions in tumor tissue. At the same time, phospholipids composition in the liver of animals treated with nanocomposite did not change in fact. The administration of nanocomposite did not affect the blood total indexes, but increased serum creatinine level. Lack of significant damaging effect of nanocomposite on total and biochemical blood indexes, lipid composition of hepatocytes indicates its low toxicity and suggests the possibility of its use as a vector in nanosystems for anti-tumor drugs delivery.